The following is an invited article by Rostyslav Bortman, founder of Ethereum Ukraine.
If you plan to launch a stablecoin or prepare for a generation of tokens (TGE), your choice of blockchain is likely to be summed up with two main contenders: Ethereum Or Solara.
At first glance, the decision seems simple – Solana is faster and cheaper, while layer 1 (L1) of Ethereum remains expensive and slow. But is it really so simple?
Ethereum today is no longer a L1 blockchain; It is part of a much larger modular ecosystem which includes a increasing layer 2 (L2) infrastructure.
The real problem? The market has not yet fully adapted to this modular paradigm. Many users always associate Ethereum with high costs and a limited scalability, even if its technology has already evolved beyond these constraints.
Mass adoption is always lagging behind innovation. If you are not deeply involved in technology, you probably do not perceive the modular architecture of the Internet – but it is the backbone of the digital world. The Internet itself has never aimed to solve UX problems. Instead, applications Summary complexity, providing transparent experience to users.
The same must happen with Ethereum. As long as the L2s feel as separate networks rather than native extensions of Ethereum, consumer users have trouble kissing them.
So how to make Ethereum more user -friendly? Three critical problems should be resolved:
- Interoperability – Transparent interaction between L1 and L2
- Dapps and UX wallet – User experience that does not require technical knowledge
- Scalability – Improvement of network efficiency and lower costs
Until these challenges are fully resolved, Ethereum will continue to cope with resistance in traditional adoption – despite technologically prepared technology for the next growth phase.
This article explores how these problems can be resolved and what will take to position Ethereum for mass adoption.
Interoperability: seamless compatibility bridges
One of the biggest obstacles in Ethereum today is the lack of native interoperability Between L2 solutions. Users must still reject assets between networks, a process that remains awkward and annoying.
Ponts based on intention as well as through have a considerably improved transaction speed, reducing L1 → L2 transfers to 15 seconds and L2 → L2 exchanges less than 5 seconds. However, these solutions are only viable for highly liquid assets. For mecoins and niche tokens, they remain out of reach.
This is why Ethereum ecosystem pushes towards native interoperability“First between the L2 channels and, finally, between L1 and L2.
Basically, this is what interoperability looks like in 2025:
- Arbitrum: Cross transactions and exchanges expected by T1 2025 (<3 sec Transfers).
- Optimism: development His own solution, but no deadlines set.
- ZKSYNC: provisional launch At the end of 2025.
- Polygone aggregation layer: Already bonding Chains built on Polygon CDK (V0.2).
Most projects are still in development, but Q2 2025 Should see the first versions of ERC-20 transverse transfers between L2 clusters (arbitrum, superchain (optimism), elastic chain (ZKSYNC), Aggayer (polygon)).
In the end, which will be the end of the game for the Rollup adaptation is:
When will this materialize fully? No clear chronology. None of the existing Rollups has confirmed transition plans to models based on or native. However, the management is defined – the Ethereum Foundation recently introduced an open source framework to build bridges based on intention according to the ERC -7683 standard.
For wallets, it is a major breakthrough. A unified integration standard means that Bridges based on intention as through could see a general adoption in the next 1-2 months. This will considerably simplify asset transfers, which makes Ethereum’s modular architecture which feels much more transparent and intuitive for users.
DAPPS & Wallet UX: The next step towards mass adoption
The fragmentation between the L2 channels is not the only UX obstacle in the Ethereum ecosystem. Inability to prizes and gas transactions for regular EOA portfolios remains a major obstacle.
Previous efforts to solve this problem – most particularly EIP-4337 (Abstraction of the account) – And has been adopted to see a generalized adoption.
The reason? A unified lack of standardwhich has slowed down integration. However, it finally changes.
EIP-7702 introduces a revolutionary solution by allowing the EOA portfolios of temporarily operates as intelligent contracts in a single transaction. This essentially creates a light alternative to the abstraction of accounts, to improve the management of gas costs and user experience.
What does that mean for users?
- Less transactions, greater efficiency. Approval and exchanges can now be grouped into a single action.
- Flexible gas payments. Users will be able to pay transaction fees in the tokens Other than eTh.
- Improved security. Portfolios can adopt temporary intelligent smart contract features, unlocking advanced authorization mechanisms.
The EIP-7702 should be integrated into the portfolios and the DAPPs within two months of the launch of Pectra. This estimate comes from the offchain laboratories, whose representatives confirmed to me that the updates were going to hit the L2 channels in the 1 to 2 weeks following Ethereum Mainnet (currently scheduled for early April).
With Deployment of bridges based on intention and EIP-7702Ethereum UX improve considerably. Portfolios and DAPP First integrate these updates will gain a significant competitive advantage, offering A seamless transversal experience.
Uniswap has already begin– Who will be the next one?
Evolution: how pectra repels the limits of Ethereum
Ethereum’s modular design divides its ecosystem into distinct layers – Execution (L1), data availability (DA) and layer 2 – each influencing the scalability of the network. The main challenge? First optimize the right components.
Vitalik Buterin recently underlines This in his blog, arguing that even with the accent on the rollers of Ethereum, the L1 scaling remains crucial. A 20% increase in L1 execution efficiency automatically improves all rollers, as well as the increase in Blobs DA improves the transaction speed through L2S.
What changes now?
- Base manipulated Peak charges during the Kaito air card, reaching 160 TPS with average costs of $ 0.02.
- The developers of Ethereum plan to double blobs from 3 to 6 to Pectra, more softening congestion.
- Validiums now offer Solana level speeds with under-central costs.
However, the expansion of DA remains a bottleneck. Interest in Eigenda as an alternative scaling solution increases. Some suggest that the rollers of ethereum could temporarily switch to the valid to speed up the scaling. Even Dankrad Feist (one of the most renowned Ethereum researchers) propose Jesse Polak, base developer of the base, becoming a validium to achieve faster growth.
Although the ecosystem is far from its final form, one thing is clear: It’s the best time to build. Ethereum’s evolving infrastructure provides projects with transparent deployment and considerably improved user experience, which has made mass adoption closer than ever.
Conclusion: Ethereum by a new era
Ethereum undergoes one of the most transformative phases in its history. Fundamental changes in Scalability, user experience and interoperability already take shape, preparing the field for a more efficient and accessible network.
Following 2-3 months will be essential. The EIP-7702 is set to revolutionize the portfolios, which makes Ethereum interactions transparent and intuitive, while the bridges supplied by intention will eliminate friction in transversal transfers. These upgrades will redefine the way users interact with the Ethereum ecosystem.
The market moves to the optimization of the UX, and competition between portfolios and protocols for the best transversal experience is about to intensify. Projects that offer the fastest, most user -friendly and secure solutions will take the lead, shaping the Ethereum path towards mass adoption.
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